A Complete Sentence
A complete sentence contains a subject and a predicate that work together to form a complete thought begins with a capital letter and ends with an endmark.
- A fragment results when there is no subject or verb.
- A run-on sentence contains two or more parts that can stand alone in separate sentences but instead are combined into one sentence incorrectly.
Examples of complete sentences, fragments, and run-ons:
Complete sentence: John spent his afternoon coloring and reading.
http://www.quia.com/rr/235542.html
What is a sentence?
A sentence is a group of words giving a complete thought. A sentence must contain a subject and a predicate or verb (although one may be implied). All sentences must have endmarks: a period, question mark or an exclamation mark.
https://www.turtlediary.com/video/sentence-and-sentence-structure.html
Fragment: A sentence fragment is a group of words which sounds like a sentence but does not express a complete thought. Sometimes it has a subject or verb missing. Sometimes it is a phrase or subordinate clause instead of a complete sentence. Sentence fragments are normally not only grammatically incorrect but also difficult to understand.
The one type of fragment which may be acceptable at least in conversation is
a fragmentary response. This is a sentence fragment which answers a
question or otherwise responds to a situation in such a way that its meaning is
understood even though it is not a complete sentence.
Fragmentary responses should be avoided except in dialogue or very casual
writing.
Example:
"Who was that woman with you last night?"
"Sandy."
(The response is not a complete sentence, but it is understood because it is responding to a specific question.)
Example of a Fragment:
Some of the girls to the mall.
A complete sentence has a subject and a predicate that work together to make a complete thought.
Sarah laughed so hard her stomach hurt!
A SENTENCE FRAGMENT fails to be a sentence in the sense that it cannot stand by itself. A sentence fragment is an incomplete sentence. Some fragments are incomplete because they lack either a subject or a verb, or both.
Run so fast (missing a subject...who runs fast)
Last Saturday, we (missing a predicate ... what did they do last Saturday)
The fragments that most students have trouble with, however, are dependent clauses—they have a subject and a verb, so they look like complete sentences, but they don’t express a complete thought. They’re called “dependent” because they can’t stand on their own. Look at these dependent clauses. They’re just begging for more information to make the thoughts complete:
- Because his car was in the shop (…What did he do?)
- After the rain stops (…What then?)
- When you finally take the test (…What will happen?)
- Since you asked (…Will you get the answer?)
- If you want to go with me (…What should you do?)
Fragment sentences
A complete sentence will have at least one subject and one verb. Sentences are considered fragments when they are missing either a subject or a verb. Consider the following two fragment sentences and their corrected versions:
- No Subject: Went to the store to buy brownie mix.
Think who went to the store? - Added Subject: My dad went to the store to buy brownie mix.
- No Verb: Brownie mix at the store expensive.
Added Verb: Brownie mix at the store was expensive.
- Incomplete: When he went to the checkout counter to pay for the brownie mix.
- Complete: When he went to the checkout counter to pay for the brownie mix, he got distracted by a display of cake mixes.
- Incomplete: The variety of yummy cake mixes.
Complete: The variety of yummy cake mixes convinced him that he’d rather bake a cake than brownies tonight.
https://www.turtlediary.com/video/fragments.html
Run-on sentences (Run-ons)
A run-on sentence occurs when two or more independent clauses are combined without correct punctuation. An independent clause is a complete, simple sentence, meaning that it contains a subject, a verb, and a complete thought. There are a few ways to correct run-on sentences. Consider the following run-on sentence and the following options for revising it.
Run-On: The grocery store was really packed with people there must have been a big sale today.
- Correction 1: The grocery store was really packed with people. There must have been a big sale today.
- Correction 2: The grocery store was really packed with people, so there must have been a big sale today.
- Correction 3: Because the grocery store was really packed with people, there must have been a big sale.
Watch and Learn:
https://www.turtlediary.com/video/run-ons.html
A RUN-ON SENTENCE (sometimes called a fused sentence) has at least two parts, either one of which can stand by itself, but the two parts have been connected together with one or two words instead of becoming two sentences. The run-on could be corrected with a semi-colon. You are making a run-on when you put two complete sentences (a subject and its predicate and another subject and its predicate) together in one sentence without separating them properly. Here’s an example of a run-on:
- My favorite Mediterranean spread is hummus it is very garlicky.
Run-on: Look through Angelo’s telescope you can see Saturn’s rings.
http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/cgi-shl/quiz.pl/run-ons_add1.htm
http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/quizzes/runons_quiz.htm
The subject of the sentence is found in the beginning of a sentence. It tells
who or what the sentence is about. The predicate is the action part or it tells what the subject is or does.
Ex.: The boys are working hard today.
http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/subject_speedway/index.html
http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/predicate_coaster2/index.html
Simple, Compound, and Complex Sentences
A simple sentence contains a subject and a predicate. This is called an independent clause.
An example of a simple sentence:
The boy ate a haburger for lunch.
A compound sentence contains two or more independent clauses (simple sentences) joined by a coordinating conjunction
An example of a compound sentence:
John loves to play soccer and he loves baseball.
A Complex Sentence is a sentence with an independent clause and at least one dependent clause. The dependent clause is introduced by either a subordinate conjunction (such as although, while, or because) or a relative pronoun (such as who or which).
Example of a Complex Sentence: Although my friend invited me to a party, I do not want to go.
http://www.epcc.edu/collegereadiness/documents/complex_sentences.pdf
Stop on page 10
http://www.slideshare.net/guest2e9cea2a/simple-compound-complex-compound-complex-sentences
Stop on slide 9
http://www.time4writing.com/sentence-writing/simple-complex-compound-sentences/
An example of a simple sentence:
The boy ate a haburger for lunch.
A compound sentence contains two or more independent clauses (simple sentences) joined by a coordinating conjunction
An example of a compound sentence:
John loves to play soccer and he loves baseball.
A Complex Sentence is a sentence with an independent clause and at least one dependent clause. The dependent clause is introduced by either a subordinate conjunction (such as although, while, or because) or a relative pronoun (such as who or which).
Example of a Complex Sentence: Although my friend invited me to a party, I do not want to go.
http://www.epcc.edu/collegereadiness/documents/complex_sentences.pdf
Stop on page 10
http://www.slideshare.net/guest2e9cea2a/simple-compound-complex-compound-complex-sentences
Stop on slide 9
http://www.time4writing.com/sentence-writing/simple-complex-compound-sentences/
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